REWARD
Lessons 1
1. Для обозначения действия, произошедшего в прошлом, но имеющего прямое отношение к настоящему времени. В данном случае неважно когда действие произошло. Часто употребляется для описания происшедших перемен.
Exercise 1. Complete the chart writh the works given.
[e] [ou] [ei] [i:]
Chest throat face knee
waist, nose, waist, head leg, elbow, neck, heel, head, meat, ache
Exercise 2. Practise the following word combinations
[ou] Oh, no, don't go home alone, nobody knows how lonely the road is [e] Giet ten eggs ready for breakfast. Health is above wealth. [i:] If all the seas were one sea what a great sea that would be.
II. Grammar
Present Perfect Simple (настоящее совершенное время)
She has got married. (She wasn’t married before. We don’t know when she got married. But mow she’s mar-ried.) Она вышла замуж. (Она не была замужем. Мы не знаем когда она вышла замуж. Но сейчас она заму-жем.)
Часто для того, чтобы подчеркнуть случившееся используют наречия just (только что), recently (недавно).
We've lust moved to a new flat. Мы только что получили новую квартиру.
1. Употребляется для обозначения действия или состояния, имевшего место в прошлом, но, последствия которого продолжаются да настоящего времени. Предлог for используется для указания промежутка времени.
to have + Зф. гл. (Past Partiaple)
1. Употребляется для обозначения действия, произошедшего в неопределенное время в прошлом - чаще всего с наречиями ever/ never (когда-нибудь/никогда).
Have you ever been to Paris? (Do you have any experience of being in Paris?) Вы когда-нибудь бывали в Пари¬же? (Случалось ли Вам бывать в Париже?)
Yes, I have. (Yes, at some time in my life but it’s not important when.) Да. (когда-то в своей жизни, но не важно когда).
No, I haven’t. I’ve never been to Paris. Нет. Я никогда не бывал в Париже.
Запомните, если вас интересует более подробная информация: когда/when, как/how, почему/why - используется Past Simple.
- Have you ever been to Paris? - Вы когда-нибудь бывали в Пари-же?
- Yes. I have. - Да, бывал.
- When were you there? - Когда Вы там были?
- I was there last year. - Я был там в прошлом году.
Не has studied Spanish for a year. Он учил (и учит) испанский в течение года.
Предлог since для обозначения точки отсчета действия. They haven't eaten anything since morning. Они ничего не ели с утра. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
Have I, (we, you they) been to London?
Yes,
have
No,
have not (haven’t)
Has he, (she, it) been to London?
Yes,
has.
No,
has not (hasn’t)
Exercise 3. Complete the chart of irregular verbs:
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
be
break
drive
drink
Eat
Run
give (up)
smoke
Exercise 4. Complete the questions with past participles from the above exercise. Give short answers.
1. Have you ever eaten frog's legs? - Yes I have.
2. Have you ever an arm or a leg?
3. Have you ever instant coffee?
4. Have you ever to the hospital?
5. Have you ever five kilometers?
6. Have you ever a car?
7. Have you ever drinking?
8. Have you ever a cigar?
Exercise 5. Use the verbs in brackets in the Present Perfect or Past Simple form.
Контрольные работы по английскому языку
Pattern: I (buy) a new hat and now I (wear) it, I have bought a new hat and now I wear it.
1. They (move) to a new house and now they (live) in the
country.
2. She (get) the letter in the morning and now she (know) everything about son.
3. We (visit) our friend and now we (be sure) he will be all right.
4. My sister (take) English lessons and now she (know) English well.
5. He (find) his car at last. It (be) near the gate.
Exercise 7. Complete the sentences with for or since.
1. We've had this holiday 1991.
2. There have been fires three months.
3. She has not met him Christmas.
4. They have been absent two weeks.
5. I have known John May.
Exercise 8. Explain the difference (between for and since).
1. How long have you lived in Moscow?
Since March. С марта.
For five years. (на протяжении, в течении)
пяти лет
2. How long has she stayed in Britain?
Pattern:
Have you seen Joe?
Yes, I have, (see) - When did you see him? - I saw him in the morning?
3. How long have they tried to pass the exam?
1. you this news? - Yes? I (hear). - When you
it? - I it last night.
2. she ever tennis? - Yes, she (play). When she
play it? - She it, whe she was a child.
3. Tom ever his arm? - Yes, he (break). When
he it? - He two days ago.
4. they a new Job? -Yes, they . (find).
5. he smoking? - Yes, he (stop). When he
it? - He last month.
6. you your medicine? - Yes, I (take). When
you it? - I it an hour ago.
Exercise 6. Use the verbs in brackets in the Present Perfect or Present Simple form.
4. How long has he tried to destroy his old house?
5. How long has this information been necessary?
Exercise 9. Make these sentences negative and affermative. 1. I've got a lot of news for you.
2. She's had an accident while watching football.
3. They have stayed at home because of the flu.
4. He has been ill on holiday.
5. I've been very lucky with my health?
6. Nick has bought a new car.
Exercise 10. Read this paragraph. Write sentences about things that have and haven't changed in Andy's life.
I'm still living at home but my girlfriend and I are going to get married next month. So we've bough It a flat of our own. It's really nice. I'm still in the same job too - but I took some exams last months. So I hope to get a better job with opportinities for travel abroad. Talking of travel, I've just visited Turkey. I went there for a holiday. It was great!
Pattern: Andy has bought a new flat. Andy hasn't changed the Job.
1. (buy)
2.(change)
3. (get)
4. (move)
5. (take)
6. (visit)
Exercise 11. You haven't seen your friend for three years. Ask her questions using the words below. Give short answers.
Pattern: 1. find a job - Have you found a new job? - Yes, I have/No, I haven't.
2. get married
3. stop smoking
4. buy a new car
5. visit Italy
6. travel round the world
7. learn Spanish
Exercise 12. Write 6 sentences about changes in your life.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Внимание! Это следует знать. Attention please!
Get is a common verb in spoken English. Here are some of its meanings.
They've got married.
I'm getting angry.
Could I get you a drink?
I get a train at 7.15.
We got the news yesterday.
I got to work at 8am.
We get up at 7.30.
He got in through the window.
1 get + past participle = become
2 get + adjective = become
3 get + object = fetch, obtain
4 get + object = catch, take
5 get + object = receive
6 get + to + object = arrive in/at
7 get + preposition has the idea of movement, sometimes with difficulty.
Look at these sentences and decide which meaning of get they show. Rewrite them replacing get with another verb.
a) It's getting dark. e) The child got down from the
table.
b) We got a call from her. f) She gets worried very easily.
c) The train gets to London at 6 o'clock. g) The bus to get is the
number 39.
d) He got the tickets at the box office.
It's a good idea to note the different meanings of get as you come across them.
III. Reading Activity
Topical Vocabulary
How are you keeping?
How are you? Как поживаете?
to have (a bad) cold (сильно) простудиться
to have a cough кашлять
to get smth. wrong with что-то не в порядке с .. (что-
(there is smth. wrong with me) то со мной случилось)
to find out выяснить что-то
to take medicine принимать лекарство
to give up (smith, /doing smth.)
to take up smith, /doing smth.
accident (n)
heart attack
(high, low) blood pressure
Poisoning
to stay fit (to keep)
ambulance (n)
to take care of smb.
оставлять что-либо, бросать (о привычке) предпринимать что-либо несчастный случай сердечный приступ (высокое, низкое) кровяное давление отравление оставаться здоровым (в форме, поддерживать форму)
скорая помощь заботиться о ком-то
Text 1. How are you keeping? Как поживаете?
Tack 1. Read, compare and analyze the text.
When someone says "How are you?" do you reply "Fine thanks, how are you?" or do you say "I'm not feeling very well I've a had a bad cold, I've been off work, and now I've got a dreadful cough."? Some people never seem to be ill, others have always got something wrong with them... or think they have. Try the questionnaire and find out how you're keeping.
Yes No
1 Have you ever broken an arm or a leg?
2 Have you ever stayed at home because of illness?
3 Have you ever taken vitamin pills?
4 Have you ever given up any of the following because of your health? smoking
drinking
coffee
meat
sunbathing
Когда кто-нибудь говорит "Как вы?" или выговорите "Я не очень хорошо себя чувствую. Я сильно простудился, я не работал и теперь у меня жуткий кашель"? Некоторые никогда не выглядят больными, с другими всегда что-то (происходит) не так ... или они так думают. Попробуйте ответить на вопросы и узнать как вы поживаете.
1. Вы когда-нибудь ломали руку или ногу?
2. Вы когда-нибудь оставались дома из-за болезни?
3. Вы когда-нибудь принимали витамины?
4. Вы когда-нибудь бросали из-за своего здоровья курить, пить,
пить кофе,
есть мясо, загорать?
Task 2. Go on translating into Russian.
Yes No
1 Have you ever taken up any of the following because of your health?
running swimming regular exercise
2 Have you ever had an accident while watching a sport?
3 Have you ever had an accident while playing a sport?
4 Have you ever had ...?
Flu
a headache
food poisoning
5 Have you ever become ill on holiday?
6 Have you ever worried about getting ill?
7 Have you ever stayed in hospital?
8 Have you ever looked up an illness in a medical dictionary?
9 How are you keeping?
Not so good.
I've never felt better!
Task 3. Try to translate into English.
Большинство "Да": Либо у вас что-то не в порядке (не везет) со здоровьем, либо вы стали ипохондриком. Расслабьтесь! Жизнь слишком коротка, чтобы так сильно беспокоиться о своем здоровье.
Большинство "Нет": Вам везет -пока. Вы здоровы, и не очень беспокоитесь, но возможно вам следует больше заботиться о себе - так, на всякий случай.
These words will help you
везет (her) в чем-то расслабиться беспокоиться о чем-то
to be lucky (un) with smith.
to relax
worry about smith.
so far
to take care of smith.
just in case
пока (до тех пор) заботиться о чем-то, ком-то так, на всякий случай
Exercise 13. a) Underline the parts of the body.
Ancle back bald big brown ear ellow fat finger fingernail food forehead hair leg lip long mouth neck shoulder slim stomach thumb toe tooth wrist head
b) complete the chart with the adjectives and parts of the body they can describe.
adjectives parts of the body
bald head
Exercise 16. Complete the chart with things you have given up and have taken up to be healthy.
To be healthy I have given up
Exercise 14. Group the words under the heading: head:
To keep fit I have taken up
Make a list of suggestions to stay fit.
body:
arm:
Have fun!
- Can you tell me anything about the great scientists of the 17th century. -They are all dead, sir!
leg:
Exercise 15. Answer the questions to the picture.
1. How do you think the man feels?
2. What do you think is wrong with him?
3. Where is he?
4 What has he got on his arm? What has he got in his month? 5. What will you advise him to do?
-And what is your son going to be when he has graduated from the Institute?
-An old man.
Think of Russian equivalents to
* To know everything is to know
nothing.
* The proof of the pudding is in the eating.
